Windows NT Driver >> C/C++ >> File

DO_NEITHER_IO


參考資訊:
1. Source Code

基本上,Microsoft沒有定義DO_NEITHER_IO這個Flag,而Neither I/O的意思就是Neither Buffered Nor Direct I/O,因此,當沒有設定DO_BUFFERED_IO或DO_DIRECT_IO Flag時,就會使用Neither的方式,使用這種方式時,I/O Manager會將User Buffer的指標,透過操作後,傳遞給驅動程式使用,因此,驅動程式可以直接存取User Buffer的資料,所以存取速度可以得到很大的改善,對於有速度要求的驅動程式來說,建議使用Neither的方式,不過,關於User Buffer指標的存取問題上,會遇到更多需要面對的問題,如:指標的有效性以及多次存取的同步問題,因此,在選擇使用上,更需要考量到這些額外付出的代價是否值得使用,因為,驅動程式以及User Application雙方都需要很嚴謹的看待這塊共用的Buffer。

Microsoft的說明網頁:
using-neither-buffered-nor-direct-i-o

記憶體指標:

IRP Buffer Length
IRP_MJ_READ (Irp)
UserBuffer
(IrpStack)
Parameters.Read.Length
IRP_MJ_WRITE (Irp)
UserBuffer
(IrpStack)
Parameters.Write.Length

main.c

#include <wdm.h>
 
#define DEV_NAME L"\\Device\\MyDriver"
#define SYM_NAME L"\\DosDevices\\MyDriver"

char szBuffer[255]={0};

void Unload(PDRIVER_OBJECT pOurDriver)
{
  UNICODE_STRING usSymboName;
      
  RtlInitUnicodeString(&usSymboName, L"\\DosDevices\\MyDriver");
  IoDeleteSymbolicLink(&usSymboName);
  IoDeleteDevice(pOurDriver->DeviceObject);
}

NTSTATUS IrpFile(PDEVICE_OBJECT pOurDevice, PIRP pIrp)
{
  PUCHAR pBuf;
  PIO_STACK_LOCATION psk = IoGetCurrentIrpStackLocation(pIrp);
 
  switch(psk->MajorFunction){
  case IRP_MJ_CREATE:
    memset(szBuffer, 0, sizeof(szBuffer));
    DbgPrint("IRP_MJ_CREATE");
    break;
  case IRP_MJ_READ:
    pBuf = pIrp->UserBuffer;
    strcpy(pBuf, szBuffer);
    DbgPrint("IRP_MJ_READ");
    pIrp->IoStatus.Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
    pIrp->IoStatus.Information = strlen(szBuffer)+1;
    break;
  case IRP_MJ_WRITE:
    pBuf = pIrp->UserBuffer;
    strcpy(szBuffer, pBuf);
    DbgPrint("IRP_MJ_WRITE");
    DbgPrint("Address: 0x%x, Length: %d", pBuf, psk->Parameters.Write.Length);
    pIrp->IoStatus.Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
    pIrp->IoStatus.Information = strlen(szBuffer)+1;
    break;
  case IRP_MJ_CLOSE:
    DbgPrint("IRP_MJ_CLOSE");
    break;
  }
  IoCompleteRequest(pIrp, IO_NO_INCREMENT);
  return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
 
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER_OBJECT pOurDriver, PUNICODE_STRING pOurRegistry)
{
  PDEVICE_OBJECT pOurDevice=NULL;
  UNICODE_STRING usDeviceName;
  UNICODE_STRING usSymboName;
    
  pOurDriver->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_CREATE] =
  pOurDriver->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_READ] =
  pOurDriver->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_WRITE] =
  pOurDriver->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_CLOSE] = IrpFile;
  pOurDriver->DriverUnload = Unload;
      
  RtlInitUnicodeString(&usDeviceName, L"\\Device\\MyDriver");
  IoCreateDevice(pOurDriver, 0, &usDeviceName, FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, 0, FALSE, &pOurDevice);
  RtlInitUnicodeString(&usSymboName, L"\\DosDevices\\MyDriver");
  IoCreateSymbolicLink(&usSymboName, &usDeviceName);
  pOurDevice->Flags&= ~DO_DEVICE_INITIALIZING;
  return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

IrpFile()收到IRP_MJ_WRITE時,Driver複製User Buffer的內容到szBuffer,而收到IRP_MJ_READ時,將szBuffer內容又複製回User Buffer,完成暫存的功能,IoStatus.Information的數值就是ReadFile()或WriteFile()完成的長度。

app.cpp

#define INITGUID
#include <windows.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#include <setupapi.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int __cdecl main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  HANDLE hFile = NULL;
  DWORD dwRet = 0;
  char szBuffer[255]={0};

  hFile = CreateFile("\\\\.\\MyDriver", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
  if(hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){
    printf("failed to open mydriver");
    return 1;
  }

  strncpy(szBuffer, "I am error", sizeof(szBuffer));
  WriteFile(hFile, szBuffer, strlen(szBuffer) + 1, &dwRet, NULL);
  printf("WR: %s, %d\n", szBuffer, dwRet);

  memset(szBuffer, 0, sizeof(szBuffer));
  ReadFile(hFile, szBuffer, sizeof(szBuffer), &dwRet, NULL);
  printf("RD: %s, %d\n", szBuffer, dwRet);
  CloseHandle(hFile);
  return 0;
}

結果


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